Why temporary migrants need JobKeeper
Last week, Abigail Lewis flagged unanswered questions about Australia’s temporary visa system in the current health crisis, the essential work being done by temporary visa holders in response to COVID-19, and the need for policy flexibility and care for people in limbo during a pandemic that crosses borders.
This week, the University of Melbourne’s Joo-Cheong Tham argues that the Australian Government should give temporary migrants access to JobKeeper.
This article was originally published in The Conversation.
The centerpiece of the Commonwealth government’s COVID-19 economic stimulus program is JobKeeper. Priced at A$130 billion, it will pay eligible employers $1,500 per fortnight for each eligible employee for up to six months.
The aim, according to the government fact sheet, is to
support employers to maintain their connection to their employees (as) these connections will enable business to reactivate their operations quickly – without having to rehire staff – when the crisis is over
But excluded from the scheme are workers on temporary visas (except for New Zealand citizens on Special Category Subclass 444 visas - they’re included).
This exclusion is wrong for four reasons.
1. It penalises the businesses that employ temporary workers
The exclusion of temporary visa holders discriminates against the businesses that employ them.
Given there are close to 900,000 temporary visa holders with work rights (excluding New Zealand citizens) the discrimination will have a serious impact.
It will be particularly severe in industries that significantly rely on temporary migrants: among them hospitality (international students), agriculture (working holiday makers), health and aged care (workers on Temporary Skill Shortage visas).
The exclusion of temporary visa holders from JobKeeper will bring about distortions within and between industries. It will likely result in the closure of businesses that rely upon temporary migrants.
2. It breaches fundamental rights
Equal rights at work - regardless of migrant status - is a key principle of
the International Labour Organisation standards on labour migration
UN Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families
This principle underpins Australia’s Fair Work Act which treats migrant workers as within its scope.
JobKeeper, which provides a workplace benefit through wage subsidies, departs from this principle.
Not only does it set a dangerous precedent, it is a particularly egregious breach.
Denial of the JobKeeper payment will mean the loss of jobs and livelihoods for many or most temporary visa holders.
Some will be forced to attempt to return to their countries of origin, which in some cases are less safe than Australia.
Among them are Italian working holiday visa holders.
3. Many of those affected are members of the community
Temporary visa holders are only temporary in the sense that they have a limited right to stay.
Swinburne University’s Peter Mares has characterised Australia’s shift to temporary migration as “permanent” in two senses: it is an enduring change, and it has resulted in temporary visa holders residing in Australia for extended periods of time.
Philosopher Joseph Carens has rightly argued that such extended periods of residence provide a basis for community membership, given the contributions given and connections made, regardless of migration status.
Asking temporary visa holders to “go home” not only fails to recognise membership of the Australian community but also misses the fundamental point that Australia is home to many of these temporary visa holders.
This ought not be hard to understand: most overseas Australians would consider their country of residence to be their home.
The position of overseas Australians (of which there are hundreds of thousands) suggests another important perspective: the Golden Rule.
How would we view the actions of foreign governments that insisted that overseas Australians “go home” if they had insufficient funds due to COVID-19 restrictions imposed by these very governments?
4. It undermines the fight against COVID-19
The hardship resulting from the temporary visa holder exclusion will undermine public health measures.
Temporary visa holders will increasingly swell the number of homelessness.
It is hard to “stay at home” if you don’t have one. Financial desperation will drive some to continue working even if unwell.
Other adverse consequences are likely. Desperate temporary visa holders will become exposed wage theft of the kind exposed by the 7-Eleven scandal, slowing Australia’s labour market recovery.
The recovery of higher education will be slowed down if international students are impoverished and unable to pay the fees necessary to continue their studies.
Temporary migrant workers ought to be part of JobKeeper, just as are other Australian residents and New Zealanders on temporary visas.
Excluding them breaches their fundamental rights, fails to recognise the community membership of many of them, and it will undermine Australia’s efforts to fight COVID-19.